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Technical Lighting Help

Lighting the Home Office

You probably thought you’d be back in the office by now. Instead, recent media reports indicate that “working from home” is likely to be a permanent part of almost everyone’s weekly schedule. That might mean you’re considering a new desk chair or a better internet connection, but what about lighting? Here are a few things to consider as you establish a more permanent home office.

The Office

At the start of the pandemic, offices were carved out of dining rooms, plopped on kitchen counters and even squeezed into large closets. As you plan to move from temporary arrangements to a more defined space, care should be taken in considering the location. To insure a good night’s rest and the maintenance of a balanced circadian cycle, humans need plenty of blue-rich daylight. Seek an office space with windows. The results of almost every scientific study indicates that blue light during the day and the lack of blue light at night maintains good melatonin production and insures a good night’s rest.

Computer Placement

Because so much work centers on the computer, placement in relation to those important windows and the light they invite is crucial. A window in front of the computer screen will be blinding and a window behind will cause glare on the screen. The best place for the computer is perpendicular to the window.

Artificial Light

While there is no medical evidence to suggest that working on a computer in a dark room is bad, it does increase eye irritation. To avoid this common problem, supplemental light should be included in the room where you work. The amount may differ depending on the type of work and your age.

Generally speaking, older adults will need more light to perform almost any task. For a variety of reasons, as our eyes age, less light reaches the retina. Including supplemental task lighting, like a shaded desk lamp or floor lamp will help. If all the work performed is on the computer that may be enough. If, however your work involves reading from printed sources, more light is required. A typical office is lit to about 50 footcandles of illuminance. Most bedrooms measure less than half of that. If the job involves detail work, replace the existing ceiling light with something that can provide more lumen output.

Teleconference Lighting

If you are going to be working from home, you are going to be joining more video conferences. Along with a professional microphone and an upgraded camera, proper lighting should be considered essential.

Basically, you want the light in front of you. Lighting from behind places you in shadow, making it difficult for viewers to see your facial features. Desk lamps might be the easiest solution. There are also USB plug-in video conference lights that are even more effective. You will need to experiment. Every video conference program allows you to “test” audio and video. Most of us typically ignore this step and simply jump right into the call. Take a few minutes to check the video results. Try it with the lights on, off, half & half, or any other variation available. Settings may vary with each program. Check each one prior to a call.

If you did change the ceiling fixture to get more light, it does not mean anyone wants to see it! Remember to aim your camera away from direct view of the luminaire.

Burning the Midnight Oil

Most computer monitors emit a very blue light source that, when viewed at night can deliver adverse reactions in our body. If working late into the night on a project, the background color and intensity of the computer should be adjusted. Find an amber color with a reduced brightness that is comfortable. Avoid working on, or making any aesthetic decisions under this new background, as it will alter appearances. Save color choices for the morning!

Working from a home office on a much more permanent schedule is going to change how the world functions. Because it is such a crucial aspect of our life, doing it with good lighting will be more important and provide better results.

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Aesthetic Lighting Help Technical Lighting Help

Bathroom Lighting Alternatives

Whether it is cost, space or wall configuration, sometimes you cannot enjoy perfect, three-direction lighting at the bathroom mirror. That’s when alternatives come into play.

Vanity Lights/Strips

Vanity lights deliver light from only one direction, above. That means there will be shadows on the face. Those can be ameliorated by using the widest option that will fit in the space. Over a 20” mirror, for example, a 24” unit will deliver some light from each end, thereby reducing a portion of the shadows. Do not go overboard! The light and the mirror should be of a similar width.

Some of the new LED linear strips emit evenly distributed light across the full length of the unit. This is different than the individual 2-light, 3-light or 4-light styles. They should be considered as well.

A light strip over the mirror may be needed and may be the only thing that works in many applications, but remember, it will not deliver the same quality of light as two fixtures flanking the mirror. (See previous blog post.)

Lighted Mirrors

With the advent of LED, there is an explosion of mirrors that feature integrated light. Visually, many look great. Functionally, just as many deliver glare-inducing light that irritates more than assists. These are growing in popularity. Some believe they are set to overtake conventional lighting fixtures. If you are drawn to this type of bathroom option, consider one which includes indirect light.

Indirect light is the easiest light for our eyes. It removed glare and provides an unobtrusive delivery of illumination. Many of the mirrors present light from behind the mirror surface, not poking through the mirror face. Indirect light surrounding the perimeter of the mirror will provide even light, much like that which is delivered by sconces and a recessed can. This can be a very good option.

Avoid those which feature a visible light on the forward facing surface of the mirror.

With a lighted mirror, some additional ambient light may be needed. If recessed cans are included as that solution, one over each sink will be helpful. A smaller vanity light over the mirror could also be considered.

A Few Other Suggestions

Seniors are especially vulnerable to glare. A vanity light over the mirror provides more glare than almost any lighting fixture in the home. If the bathroom will be used by an older adult, work hard to employee a light on each side rather than over the top.

Over the mirror vanity strips should be installed 72” to 80” from the floor, regardless of ceiling height.

The glass position up or down, is a common question. I suggest you hang it according to your aesthetic preference. There will be a bit more delivered light with the diffusers in a downward direction, but that is accompanied with more glare, unless the diffuser has a closed bottom. The metal support structure will block a touch of the glare when hung with shade in an “upward” direction, but that will reduce the amount of delivered light. Let artistic taste guide you here.

Keep the mirror width and the length of the vanity lights similar. Mirrors and vanity lights are available in nominal 18”, 24”, 30” and 36” sizes. Stay reasonably close, a few inches longer or shorter will appear proportional. A tiny mirror and a long light will look odd. The reverse will appear equally out of balance. Seek continuity of width for the best results.

Even if “perfect” light is not an option, pretty darned good light can be employed. You just need to follow a few simple guidelines.

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Aesthetic Lighting Help Technical Lighting Help

Perfect Bathroom Lighting

After walking out of the house with yet another razor nick on the chin or eyeliner that doesn’t exactly line the eye, you’ve finally realized it is time to improve the lighting in the bathroom. With bathroom remodeling pulling ahead of kitchen remodeling in resale value, it is a good decision. Where do you start? Relax. With a little information and a few quick decisions you can be out of the door each morning, clean shaven and nicely coiffed.

Perfect Mirror Lighting

Experts agree that the best way to light a bathroom mirror is placing a light on each side, then supplementing the pair with light from above. Lighting from three directions eliminates shadows and illuminates the face perfectly so shaving is uneventful and makeup application is easy. In any new construction or remodel project, this should be the aim.

With that goal in view, preference can now come into play. A single sconce on each side works well and there is a wide variety to meet almost any aesthetic preference. You might also consider a linear light, mounted vertically. This works especially well if multiple people of varying heights share a mirror. The linear pieces will deliver ideal light whether the user is short or tall. Mini pendants, while installed on the ceiling can be positioned so the light falls in the exact same spot as the sconces. This opens yet another avenue of options.

Lights on each side of the mirror should be placed from 36” to 42” center-to-center, 66” to 72” from the floor. If there are two lavatory bowls in the bathroom, don’t cheat! Treat each sink individually. Light should be equidistant from the center of the mirror/sink. In an effort to save money, some people will place one light between the bowls. To do this correctly, the distance between the centerline of each light and each mirror should be exactly the same, from 18” to 21” in all four spots. Failure to position the lights equidistant will deliver uneven levels of luminance to the face. If the sinks are father away, add a fourth fixture. On longer vanities, this will actually look better and more balanced.

To add illumination from above, I like to use a recessed can in direct line with the sink drain. Find the center of the drain and place a dotted line to the ceiling. That should be the centerline of the recessed light.

Some Other Considerations

Clear glass and vintage light bulbs are nice, but they make it difficult to see because of their piercing light and the glare that creates. In a bathroom, seek out, etched glass, white glass, etched cased opal glass (white glass encased within a clear layer that has been etched) or a fabric shade covering the light bulbs. This softer delivery of light will make functionality better and easier to use.

Is the room big? You might need to add some ambient light to the mix. A group of recessed cans, some decorative flush or semi-flush pieces or even a chandelier will work here. Connect them to a separate switch.

Add some LED tape to a separate switch and place it under the vanity or at the toekick. Alternately, connect one or two step & aisle lights to the switch. Either will add some interest to the room, but more importantly serve as a functional nightlight for safer nighttime navigation.

Pretty simple, right? One light on each side of the mirror. Each light should be equidistant to the center of the mirror. One light above, placed at the centerline of the sink. Pay attention to glare for more comfortable use and you’re done! Of course, this method might not work for everyone. If that is your case, check back for the next blog entry, “Bathroom Lighting Alternatives.”

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Technical Lighting Help

Three Steps to Buying LED Light Bulbs

I’ve been around lighting since I was nineteen years old. As the lighting world morphed from incandescent to fluorescent, then to LED, it was easy for me to understand the differences. For everyone else, light bulbs are just another thing to buy when you’re shopping for home essentials. Laundry detergent, glass cleaner and light bulbs. Easy, right? Well, it used to be.

Soap still comes in a bar and household cleaners still come in a spray bottle. While light bulbs look the same, today, there are far more decisions to make than selecting a 4-pack of 60 watt bulbs. Don’t worry. It just breaks down to three simple steps, color temperature, color quality and lumens.

Color Temperature

For the typical home, I recommend one of only two options, 2700K or 3000K. Nothing else. Color should be matched to the room in which it will be used. This will make every room look its best.

Use 2700K if you have warm color rooms with lots of beige, wood, gold and earth tones. The warmth of the 2700K light will reveal their tonal richness.

Use 3000K if cooler color dominate a space. Black & white, grey neutrals, blues and purples will appear more vibrant, more intense under 3000K light.

Color Quality

Color quality is measured in Color Rendering Index (CRI). This is a scale from zero to 100. A black & white movie has a color rendering of zero. The blood that runs down the drain in “Psycho” is of course red, but with no color rendering, we see it as black. With incandescent light bulbs, there was no choice in CRI. With LED, options abound.

I recommend seeking out a CRI in the mid to high 80’s. If you live in California, 90 CRI is the minimum available for sale. Keep in mind, there is a cost to achieve higher CRI, so if you do not see it advertised, be warry. Manufacturers will not want to hide a good CRI number.

Lumens

Wattage is a measurement of energy consumed to power electrical equipment. It has nothing to do with the amount of light produced. Because we have been using incandescent light bulbs for over 130 years, we simply got accustomed to using wattage. Lumens tell us how much light is produced by the light bulb. As we move into the future, wattage consumption is going to constantly change, so we need to become comfortable with lumens.

If you were buying an incandescent light bulb that consumed this quantity of electric power:It was providing this amount of light*    
25W150 lumens
40W450 lumens
60W800 lumens
75W110 lumens
100W1600 lumens
150W2600 lumens
*Incandescent candelabra lamping is lower.
Be careful. There are few to no LED candelabra based light bulbs delivering over 500 lumens at this time. That could change as technology advances.

The process of light bulb selection is not that complicated.

  1. What color does your room tell you to buy? 2700K or 3000K?
  2. Find a color quality CRI above the mid-80s
  3. Buy based on lumen needs, not the advertisement on the package

With those three simple steps, light bulb purchases can be as easy as buying paper towels.

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What I Know About Lighting

I have been involved in lighting for over 45 years. During that time, I believe I have learned a thing, or two. I hope to share share some of that information with you through regular blog posts. If you are interested to know more about residential lighting, stop back to this site, or sign-up below to receive notice when I’ve posted something new. If you have questions about lighting, let me know, it could be the topic of my next blog post! My hope is that I can provide something helpful and meaningful.